Motor



Sept. 13, 1932. E. L. KASTLER MOTOR 5 Sheets-Sheet l Filed Jan. 15, 1930Eda/(mil fizz-985:1"

Sept. 13, 1932.- KASTLER I 1,876,956

MOTOR' Filed Jam 15. 1930 I s Sheets-Sheet 2 Sept. 13, 1932. KASTLER1,876,956

v MOTOR Filed Jan. 15, 1930 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 marzzfl' Ida/adj jzzwrwfPatented Sept. 13, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE niiwann L. KASTLER,or rLossnooa, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR 'ro THE BUDA COMPA Y,

or HARVEY, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION or ILLINOIS Itoron' Application.filed January 15, 1930. Serial No. 420,832.

The object of this invention is to provide an improved motorof the classemployed for such purposes, for example, as the propulsion of the smallrailway motor cars which track laborers use in riding from point topoint on a maintenance section of railroad.

An illustrative motor of one practicable construction embodying theinvention is shown for example in the accompany ng drawings, byreference to which the invent1on will be readily understood.

In said drawings:

Fig. 1 is a horizontal sectionof the ,illus- I tra tive motor. I

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional elevationthereof.

Fig. 3 is a partial side view. v

Fig. 4 is a section taken'on the line 4-4 of Fig. 1, looking in thedirection of the arrow, and showing the carburetor in elevation.

\Vhile the illustrative motor is intended especially for use as thepropelling instrument-ality for a workmens railway motorcar, It will beunderstood that it is susceptiblei of other uses; and it will also beunderstood that the following description with reference 'to thespecific embodiment of the invention herein selected for illustration isnot to imply any limitation of the invention beyond the terms of theclaims in which the invention is particularly pointed out and defined. I

The motor represented in the drawings embodies a two-cycle internalcombustion engine having a closed or sealed crank easel unitary with theenginecylinder 2 inwhich the PlStOIl' I 3 reciprocates. The piston ispivotally connected by the usual pitman rod 4 with the crank pin of thecrank 5 on the crank shaft 6 housed in the crank case. A spark plug 7 inthe detachable cylinder head ignites the fuel charge or explosivemixture which in this type of engine is introduced through the" crankcase. As will beunderstood bythose familiar with such engines, thepiston on its back stroke sucks the gaseous fuel charge into the crankcase, and on its forward or working stroke compresses the charge whichis thereby forced through the passage 9 into the working chamber of thecylinder as soon asthe piston uncovers theadmission port 10. The

spent or exploded gas exhausts through the cylinder port 11 alsocontrolled by the piston. An exhaust muflier is shown at 12. A waterjacket surrounding the working chamber of the cylinder is shown at 13.

. The engine is shown horizontally arranged and having itscase equippedwith supporting feet 14 by which the motor may be mounted on a suitablesupport such for example as the sill of the motor car for which theillustrative motor is intended.

The engine crank shaft 6, equipped outside the crank case with theusual'fiywheel 15, is shown connected inside the crank case by reducinggears 16 and 17 with a secondary power shaft 18 parallel with the crankshaft.

The secondary power shaft is equipped outside the crank case with apulley 19 for trans- I missionof powerby a driving belt-to thecar axleor other apparatusto be driven. The

said shafts and speed reduction gears, to-

gether with the crank shaft'bearings 20 and the secondary power shaftbearings 21, are 'all encased and completely housed by the crank caseandits various sealing closures including the caps 22 and 23 and the packedI bearing abutment collars 24, '25 and 26.

The crank case is transversely split between the two shafts as indicatedat27 where the abutting parts of the divided case, clamping aninterposed gasket, are suitably flanged and detachably fastenedtogetherby the bolt screws 28. Thus the part of the crank case whichcontains the secondary power shaft is a separate end housing member 29in direct communication with but separately connected with the main bodyof the crank case. Among other advantages the removability of theseparate end housing 29 with its, con- 17 thereon, affords a convenientmeansfor opening up the crank casefor inspection and to tained secondarypower shaft and the gear I by'virtue of aremovable part 30 of one of theside walls of the crankcase, the removal of which will leavean openinglarge enough shown havinga small removableicap 33 held in place by theleaf springi34.

The internal form of the crank case around the smaller reducing gear 16is such as to provide ample room to accommodate a con siderably largergear than the one shown,

while of course the other gear 17 may be replaced by a correspondinglysmaller gear, so that the construction is such as to permit a wide rangeof gear reductions; and by virtue of the sectional crank easeconstruction, with its division or joint between the crank shaft and thesecondary shaft, a change in the gear ratios may be made if desiredafter the motor is built. 7

'For lubricating the motor, a suitable pro- I portion of oil isincorporated in the gasoline supplied to the carburetor. As the gaseousmixture drawn from the carburetor is intro- 'duced to the engine throughthe crank case,

where it is compressed beforeitsadmission to the working space of thecylinder, and as all the working parts including the reduction gears andthe bearings for the secondary power shaft are housed in or exposed tothe crank case compression space, the operation of the motor willautomatically maintain all bearings and gears lubricated, by the oilcontained in the mixture supplied to the engine,

thus eliminating all external grease and Oll cups.

The opening for the intake of the gaseous mixture 1nto the crank case isshown in Fig.

' 4 at 35, being located in this instance in the top of the removableend housing 29 at the side of the secondary power shaft opposite Yfromthe crank shaft side and between the two secondary shaft bearings21. This location will promote the distribution of the incoming oilymixture to these bearings, although in any event they, as well as allother bearin s and parts within the crank case, will be sub ected to themixture by virtue of the compression thereof in the crank case whichtakes place during the inward or working stroke of the piston.

The intake opening 35, controlled by the inwardly opening check valve36, is in communication with the superposed carburetor 37 mounted on thehousing 29. It is desirable to employ a carburetor of-the type which discharges downward from the point of vaporisation of the liquid fuel. Any.appropriate carburetor of this type may be employed, for instance aStromberg downdraft carburetor, which is shown in the drawings inelevation,

this being a known type of carburetor and therefore unnecessary toillustrate in detail. By employing a carburetor ofthi's type discharging into the. upper part of the crank case through a vertical boreor passage controlled by a vertically operating check valve seatingagainst the underside of the wall surrounding the intake opening, adirect downward course of the carburetor mixture is insured during allstages of transit from the pointof vaporization to the interior of thecrank case. This promotes the efficient intake of the requisite supplyof the mixture at each cycle of the engine and promotes an even oruniform action of the engine by preventing the formation of puddles oraccumulations of liquid fuel between the check valve and the point ofmixing.

The check valve 36 is shown formed to provide a conical or convex uppersurface, so as to shed any liquid which may deposit thereon, and with. aflat rim seated against a finished flat surface providing'the valve seat38, to insure tight closure or sealing of the intake opening when thevalve is seated. The valve is shown formed with a depending tubularvalve stem 39 slidably fitted on a vertical guide post '40 which issuitably vented by the central passage 41 and lateral passa es 42 so asto avoid any trapping of air un er the valve. A spring which holds thealve seated is indicated at 43. A bonnet or removable part of the casecarrying the valve guide is indicated at 44. The described constructionpermits the valve to open and close freely, and enables the valve tomaintain a tight seal indefinitely, regardless of wear of the valve stemand guide, and without necessitating accuratecoincidence of the axis ofthe valve seat with the axis of the valve stem and guide.

Associated with the driving belt pulley 19 is r a belt-tightening idler45 carried by a swinging arm 46 the hub 47 of which is journaled on atubular crankcaseextension 48 which encloses the pulley end of the secondary power shaft 18, one of the bearings 21 of said shaft being fittedin said crankcase extension; This tubular crankcase extension 48, beingin this instance an extension of the removable end housing 29, isexteriorly machimed in a true cylindrical form and concentric with theaxis of the secondary power shaft, whereby the controlled arm 46 carrV-ing the belt-tightening idler 45 has its hub accurately journaledcoaxially with the pulley 19, so that the belt-tightening idler in anyadjusted position will be in perfect alignment with the driving pulley,to insure true running of the driving belt. The idler is controlled forslack adjusting or belt tensioning purposes by (the hand lever 49connected by the link 50 with the idler carrying arm 46. Provision foradjusting the pivotal connection of the link 50 to the hand lever isindicated at 51. The hand lever is fulcrumed to a part'52 bolted orattached to the motor. case. Said part carries a quadrant. or segmentalrack 53 engaged by a hand operated detent 54 with which the hand leveris equipped, forlocking the belt tightening idler in desired position. I

The motor described is of exceedingly practicable and efficientcharacter for the class of service for which it is designed.- It

comprises a compact and simple unit with the.

secondary power shaft and its belt driving pulley and associated belttensioning idler embodied in the unit, and with all its shafts, gearsand various bearings encased. It is of a construction practicable formanufacture, and of a construction such as to permit convenient opening'of' the motor case for access to the crank, pin bearing. Because of thesimple two-cycle engine .and the provision for automatic lubrication oftheengine and the various bearings, the motor will not easily get out oforder and will require little attention other than supplying gasolinewith a suitable proportion of oil to the fuel tank 55. By reason of thedowndraft carburetor and the improved construction and arrangement withrespect to the gas intake opening and check valve, a more even andefficient action of the two-cycle engine is obtained than in previousengines of this type. ()n the whole the motor well fulfillsthe'requirements for a comparatively simple and durable type ofpropelling instrumentality. The construction and arrangement with resspect to the belt pulley and slack adjustor is very advantageousandconvenient.

It will be understood that the details of construction and arrangementmay be variously modified.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is:

1. A motor comprising a two-cycle internal combustion engine having acrank shaft and a closed crank case through which the gaseous fuelmixture containing oil for lubrication is introduced to the engine, the

crank shaft bearings being contained in and exposed to the compressionspace of said case, and having a secondary power shaft geared to thecrank shaft and a housing therefor by which the bearings of the saidsecondary power shaft and the gears connecting said shafts are exposedto the compression space of the crank case, whereby the bearings of bothof said shafts and the said gears as well as all other working partshousedby the crank case may be maintained lubricated by oil in thegaseous fuel mixture introduced into the crank case.

2. A motor comprising a two-cycle internal combustion engine having acrank shaft and a closed crank case through which the gaseous fuelmixture is introduced to the engine, the crank shaft bearings beingcontained in and exposed to the compression space ofsaid case, 7

which the bearings of the said secondary 70 power shaft and the gearsconnecting said shafts are exposed to the compression space of the crankcase, whereby the bearings of both of said shafts and the said gears aswell as. all other Working parts housed by the crank case must bemaintained'lubricated by oil in the gaseous fuel mixture introduced intothe crank case, said housing being separably attached to and affording aremovable closure of the crank case.

8. A motor comprising a two-cycle internal combustion engine having acrank shaft and a closed crank case through which the gaseous fuelmixture is introduced to the engine, the

crank shaft bearings being contained in and exposed to thec'ompressionspace of said case, and having a secondary power shaft geared to thecrank shaft and a housing therefor by which the bearings of the saidsecondary power shaft and the gears connecting said shafts are exposedto the compression space of the crank case, whereby the bearings of bothof said shafts and the said gears asvvell as all-other working partshoused by the crank case must be maintained lubricated by oil in thegaseous fuel mixture introduced into the crank case, the intakeopening-for the said mixture being in the said housing. f

4. A motor comprising a horizontally disposed -two-cycle internalcombustion engine having a crank shaft and a closed crank case throughwhich the gaseous fuel mixture is are exposed to the compression spaceof the crank case, whereby the bearings of bothv of said shafts and thesaid gears as well as all other working parts housed by the crank casemust be maintained lubricatedby oil in the gaseous fuel mixtureintroduced into the crank case, the intake opening for the said,-

mixture being located at a position above the shafts and gears,

5. A motor comprising a horizontally disposed two-cycle internalcombustion engine having a crank shaft anda closed crank case throughwhich the gaseous fuel mixture is introduced to the engine, and havingwithin the crank case a secondary power shaft geared to the crank shaft,the bearings of both of said shafts being exposed to the compressionspace of the crank case, and the crank case being transversely dividedbetween the crank shaft and secondary power shaft to provide an endhousing carrying said secondary power shaft, which housing is separablyconnected to the main body of the crank case, the main body of the crankcase constituting the supported motor frame and the end housing beingremovable therefrom for access to the interior of the main body from therear.

6. A motor comprising a two-cycle internal combustion engine having acrank shaft and a closed crank case containing the crank shaft bearings,through which case the gaseous fuel mixture introduced to the engine,

said case embodying a removable housing equipped with a carburetor andhaving the intake opening for the mixture, and a secondary power shaftgeared to the crank shaft and which with its bearings and gears iscontained in said housing.

7. A motor comprising a two-cycle internal combustion engine having acrank shaft and a closed crank case through which the gaseous fuelmixture is introduced to the engine, and oil for lubricating thebearings of which is introduced with said fuel mixture, said motorhavingWithin the crank case a secondary power shaft geared to the crank shaft,the bearings of both of said shafts being exposed to the compressionspace of the crank case.

8. A motor having, in combination with the cylinder and piston of ahorizontally disposed internal combustion engine, a crank shaftoperatively connected with the piston, a closed crank case through whichthe gaseous fuel mixture for the engine is introduced, the crank shaftand the bearings being housed in said case, a secondary power shaftarranged behind and geared to the crank shaft, a rear end housingcontaining said secondary power shaft and its bearings, said housingbeing separably attached to and affording a removable closure for thecrank case and interiorly in communication with the interior of thecrank case.

9. A motor comprising-an internal combustion engine having a closedcrank case to receive the gaseous fuel mixture for the engine and havinga downdraft carburetor discharging into the upper part'of the casethrough a vertical bore or passage providing the intake opening for thegaseous mixture, and having a vertically operating check valvecontrolling the said passage, said valve seating against the under sideof the valve seat surrounding said intake opening, thereby assuring thedirect downward passage of the carbureted mixture from the point ofvaporization and preventing the formation of puddles or accumulations ofliquid fuel between the check valve and the point of mixing.

10. A motor comprising an internal combustion engine having a closedcrank case to receive the gaseous fuel mixture for the engine and havinga downdraft carburetor discharging into the upper part of the casethrough a vertical bore or passage providing the intake opening for thegaseous mixture, and having a vertically operating check valvecont-rolling the said passage, said valve seating against the undersideof the valve seat surrounding said intake opening, the

valve being formed to provide a liquid shedding upper surface and with aflat rim to en-i gage the valve seat.

11. A motor comprising an internal combustion engine having a closedcrankcase to receive the gaseous fuel mixture for the engine, said casehaving an intake opening in a top wall of the case and verticallyoperating check Valve controlling the source, said valve closing againstthe under side of said wall and being formed with a flat rim to seatagainst said under side of the wall around the intake opening and havinga hollow stem, and a vertical guide on which the valve stem is slidablyfitted, said guide vented to avoid interference with the free motion ofthe valve by t 'appingof air.

12. A motor embodying a crank case and a shaft mounted therein equippedoutside the case with a pulley for a driving belt, and a belt-tighteningidler associated with said pulley, said crank case having a tubularextension enclosing said shaft and exteriorly machined concentricallywith said shaft, and a controlled arm carrying said idler, the hub ofwhich arm is journalled on said machined extension, whereby the idler ismaintained in proper alignment with reference to the pulley to assuretrue running of the belt.

In Witness of the foregoing I affix my signature.

EDlVARD L. KASTLER.

